How Heavy is Metal Filing Cabinet?
A metal filing cabinet can vary considerably in weight depending on its size, construction material, and features. Understanding the factors that affect the weight of a filing cabinet can help you choose one suitable for your needs.
What Makes a Metal Filing Cabinet Heavy?
Several key factors contribute to the weight of a metal filing cabinet:
Construction Material
The most common materials used in filing cabinets are steel and aluminum. Steel is heavier than aluminum – a steel cabinet may weigh twice as much as an aluminum one. This is because steel has a density of about 8 g/cm3 compared to aluminum’s 2.7 g/cm3.
Within steel filing cabinets, thicker steel will make the unit heavier. Most affordable metal filing cabinets are made of steel around 0.5-0.7mm thick. Premium or fireproof cabinets may use 1mm+ thick steel which makes them heavier.
Size
Larger filing cabinets have more material and are able to store more files. This increased storage capacity comes with added weight.
Some typical weights based on size:
- 2-drawer – Around 40-70 lbs
- 3-drawer – Approximately 60-90 lbs
- 4-drawer – From 80 to as much as 150 lbs
- 5-drawer – Usually over 100 lbs, can be up to 300 lbs
The depth and height of the cabinet also play a role. Deeper drawers increase weight as does added height.
Drawer Slides
Basic filing cabinets have simple slides that allow drawers to pull in and out. Upgraded or full-extension slides are larger, heavier duty and make access easier. Heavier duty slides add weight.
Locking Mechanisms
Basic cabinets may just have friction slides that lock when closed. More secure options like interlocking drawers and keys can add bulk and weight. Fireproof or insulated filing cabinets also weigh more.
Extra Features
Wheels for mobility or leveling feet make a metal filing cabinet heavier. Some features like suspension rails, flip-up hoods and reinforced corners also increase weight slightly.
Standard Metal Filing Cabinet Weights
To give you a better idea, here are some typical weights for standard all-steel filing cabinets:
Vertical Filing Cabinets
- 2-drawer – Starts around 40 lbs
- 3-drawer – Around 60 lbs on average
- 4-drawer – From 80 to 100+ lbs
- 5-drawer – 100 lbs minimum, often over 150 lbs
Lateral Filing Cabinets
- 2-drawer – 50 to 80 lbs
- 3-drawer – 70 to 120 lbs
- 4-drawer – 90 to 190 lbs
Lateral (sideways opening) filing cabinets are often a bit heavier than vertical ones.
High Density & Fireproof Cabinets
High density and fireproof cabinets use thicker steel and reinforcements so always weigh more:
- 2-drawer fireproof – Typically over 100 lbs
- 4-drawer high density – From 150 to 300+ lbs
Factors That Make a Filing Cabinet Lighter
There are a few factors that can decrease the weight of a metal filing cabinet:
- Using aluminum instead of steel for the housing. Aluminum can cut the weight by about half.
- Using thinner steel, such as 0.5mm thickness instead of 0.7mm for the drawers and housing.
- Having just 1-2 drawers instead of 4-5. Each additional drawer adds weight.
- Choosing a smaller cabinet with less volume and drawer depth. More compact filing cabinets weigh noticeably less.
- Using plastic wheels instead of metal casters. Plastic wheels are lighter.
- Avoiding upgraded features like full-extension slides, flip-up hoods, and additional security elements. Simple friction slide cabinets are lighter.
Choosing a Filing Cabinet Weight
So how do you choose the right filing cabinet weight for your needs?
Here are some tips:
- If you need mobility, look for a 2 or 3-drawer vertical filing cabinet under 100 lbs so you can move it easily when needed. Wheels make moving heavier cabinets easier but reduce stability.
- For fireproofing, expect to manage a heavier cabinet. Two-drawer fireproof vertical units start around 100 lbs. You’ll need handles or wheels to position them.
- High density cabinets with thicker steel and more reinforcements are the heaviest. Only choose high density if you absolutely need the extra protection and security.
- Make sure the structure underneath, such as the floor or a platform, can handle the weight. Some floors have weight limits per square foot.
- Don’t skimp on weight for safety reasons. More weight provides stability and reduces tip-over risk. This is especially important if kids will be around.
- Add locking casters for the best mobility and stability if you need to move a heavy filing cabinet occasionally. Engage the locks when not moving.
- Consider wall anchors if you want extra anti-tip protection on freestanding units. This may be required in offices for seismic safety.
Choosing the right filing cabinet weight is ultimately based on your storage needs, desired features, mobility requirements, and safety priorities. Heavier isn’t always better – aim for the lightest cabinet that has the strength, capacity, security and fire protection you need.
How Much Weight Can a Filing Cabinet Hold?
The weight capacity of a filing cabinet is determined by several factors:
- Construction Material – Steel can handle more weight than aluminum. Thicker steel increases strength.
- Drawer Slides – Basic slides support less weight than full-extension or ball bearing slides.
- Cabinet Size – Larger cabinets spread weight over more structural areas.
- Weight Distribution – Even weight distribution is best. Too much on one side or in one drawer stresses the structure.
Most quality vertical filing cabinets can handle 30-50 lbs per drawer. Lateral files may support 50-75 lbs per drawer since the load is spread sideways.
Here are some typical filing cabinet weight capacities:
- 2-drawer letter-size – Holds 60-100 lbs total
- 4-drawer legal-size – Holds 120-200 lbs total
- 5-drawer lateral – Holds 250-375 lbs total
These capacities are based on evenly distributed weight in each drawer. Putting all the weight on one side or drawer may reduce capacity.
Exceeding the load capacity can cause the following issues:
- Sagging drawers that don’t slide correctly
- Bending of the cabinet housing
- Drawer slides detaching or breaking
- Cabinet tipping over if unbalanced
Pay attention to recommended weight limits and distribute content evenly across drawers. Overloading can also void manufacturer warranties.
What Should You Not Store in a Filing Cabinet?
While filing cabinets are very useful for organizing documents and other office items, certain types of contents should be avoided:
Liquids
Never store open containers of liquid in a filing cabinet. Spills seep into other files and corrosion damage can occur. Even sealed containers can leak over time and should be avoided.
Food, Organic Items
Food, organic materials, and anything that can mold, rot, or decompose should not be stored. Edible items can attract pests. Anything organic will degrade over time.
Valuables, Money
Most standard filing cabinets are not sufficiently secure for storing valuables like jewelry or cash. Use a safe instead.
Flammable/Combustible Materials
Anything flammable like chemicals, fuels, cleaners should be kept in specialized flammable storage cabinets, not standard files.
Heavy Tools, Hardware
Filing cabinets are not designed for heavy hardware or tools which can damage the structure. Use a toolbox or shelf instead.
Too Much Weight
Do not overload a drawer beyond the weight rating. This can damage slides, warp the cabinet, and increase tip-over risk. Distribute weight evenly.
Important Archival Items
For important photos, records, or keepsakes, a standard filing cabinet does not offer the best environment. Use a safe, archival box, or climate-controlled storage instead.
By avoiding these types of contents, you can ensure your filing cabinet stays in good condition and provides safe, efficient document storage.
How to Make a Heavy Filing Cabinet Easier to Move
Large metal filing cabinets can be very heavy, making them difficult to move. Here are some tips to make moving heavy filing cabinets easier:
Add Wheels
Installing quality caster wheels is one of the best ways to make moving filing cabinets much simpler. Choose wheels with a weight rating higher than your cabinet. Locking wheels provide the best stability when stationary.
Use Dollies or Furniture Sliders
A dolly helps move heavy filing cabinets across longer distances. Place the cabinet on its back on the dolly. Furniture sliders under the legs can also help a cabinet slide more easily.
Remove Drawers
Take out all the drawers that you can prior to moving. This significantly reduces the weight and makes maneuvering easier. It also lowers the center of gravity.
Clear a Path
Ensure the path is clear of obstacles and debris. Move other furniture or items out of the way. Open doors fully and check for protruding moldings.
Get Help
For any large metal cabinet, make sure you have two able adults to move it safely. Coordinate movements and lift together with knees bent. Don’t attempt moving very heavy cabinets alone.
Take it Slow
Go slow and take small steps when rolling a filing cabinet. Rushing increases the risk of tipping or sliding out of control on slick surfaces. Keep wheels locked when not moving.
Proper tools, removing drawers to reduce weight, taking your time and getting help make a filing cabinet much easier to relocate safely.
What are the Dimensions of Standard Filing Cabinets?
Standard vertical and lateral filing cabinets come in a range of sizes and dimensions to fit various spaces and storage needs. Here are some of the most common external dimensions:
Vertical Filing Cabinets
2-drawer:
- Width: 15-18 inches
- Depth: 22-28 inches
- Height: 26-53 inches
4-drawer:
- Width: 15-18 inches
- Depth: 22-28 inches
- Height: 52-68 inches
5-drawer:
- Width: 15-18 inches
- Depth: 22-28 inches
- Height: 64-71 inches
Lateral Filing Cabinets
2-drawer:
- Width: 30-36 inches
- Depth: 18-22 inches
- Height: 26-31 inches
3-drawer:
- Width: 30-36 inches
- Depth: 18-22 inches
- Height: 40-52 inches
4-drawer:
- Width: 30-36 inches
- Depth: 18-22 inches
- Height: 52-59 inches
These provide general sizing but check manufacturer specs for exact exterior cabinet dimensions. Drawer height, width, and depth also vary.
Conclusion
The weight of a metal filing cabinet depends primarily on its size, construction material, and features. Standard vertical 2 to 5-drawer filing cabinets can range from 40 pounds up to 300 pounds for extra large safes or fireproof models.
Lateral filing cabinets are often somewhat heavier than vertical ones. Factors like heavier gauge steel, full-extension slides, additional security features, and thicker construction in fireproof cabinets increase the weight. Mobility wheels can make moving heavier filing cabinets easier.
When choosing a metal filing cabinet, consider the weight capacity needed, the floor load limits, and how mobile it needs to be. Aim for the lightest cabinet that still provides the durability, capacity, and features you require. Stick to recommended weight limits for smooth operation and safety. With the right filing cabinet and some moving aids, even large heavy duty models can be maneuvered and incorporated into your workspace.
Frequently Asked Questions About Heavy Metal Filing Cabinets
How heavy is a typical 2-drawer filing cabinet?
A standard 2-drawer vertical filing cabinet weighs 40-70 pounds on average. Two-drawer lateral filing cabinets are slightly heavier, typically ranging from 50-80 pounds.
What’s the weight of a 4-drawer letter-size filing cabinet?
The average weight of a standard 4-drawer letter-size filing cabinet is 80-100 pounds. Some may weigh up to 150 pounds if they have thicker steel or extra features.
How heavy are fireproof filing cabinets?
Fireproof filing cabinets are significantly heavier than standard models. A 2-drawer fireproof vertical unit weighs 100-150 pounds. A 4-5 drawer letter-size model is in the 300-700 pound range.
Should I bolt a heavy filing cabinet to the wall?
For heavy 4 or 5-drawer vertical filing cabinets, bolting it to the wall is recommended to prevent tip-over accidents. This is especially important in earthquake-prone areas.
What is the weight capacity of a filing cabinet drawer?
Most quality filing cabinet drawers can handle 30-50 pounds of evenly distributed weight. Overloading drawers can damage the slides and structure.
Can I put my desktop computer on a metal filing cabinet?
No, filing cabinets are not designed to support that kind of concentrated heavy weight. Place computers and other electronics directly on sturdy desks or tables instead.
