Are All Metal Filing Cabinets Fireproof?

When setting up an office, one of the key decisions is choosing the right filing cabinets. Metal filing cabinets are a popular option due to their durability and security. However, one key consideration is whether metal filing cabinets are fireproof. Many businesses store important documents and records in filing cabinets, so it’s crucial to keep them protected in case of fire. This article will explore in-depth whether all metal filing cabinets are fire-resistant and help you make an informed decision when purchasing filing cabinets.

What Makes a Filing Cabinet Fireproof?

For a filing cabinet to be considered fireproof, it must be constructed from materials that can withstand high temperatures and protect the contents inside in the event of a fire. Here are the key features that make a metal filing cabinet fire-resistant:

Fire-Retardant Steel

Fireproof filing cabinets are constructed using high-quality steel with fire-retardant properties. The steel has a higher melting point, which prevents warping and damage at high temperatures. Special alloys and coatings are also applied to enhance fire-resistance.

Insulated Walls

Quality fireproof cabinets have double-walled construction with air gaps or insulation between the walls. This prevents external heat from being conducted inside and protects documents. Insulation like gypsum board is commonly used.

Tight Seals

File cabinets designed for fire protection have tight-fitting drawers and doors reinforced with fire-resistant gaskets. This prevents oxygen from entering and feeding a fire inside the cabinet.

Fire Testing and Ratings

Legitimate fireproof filing cabinets are put through standardized fire tests and rated based on their fire resistance. Common ratings are 1-hour, 2-hour, and 4-hour fire ratings. This indicates how long the cabinet can withstand fire before failure.

So in summary, real fireproof metal filing cabinets are built using high-quality fire-retardant steel, insulation, tight sealing, and are tested to verify their ratings. This specialized construction enables them to protect contents during a fire.

Are All Metal Filing Cabinets Fireproof?

Now coming to the key question – are all metal filing cabinets fireproof? The short answer is no.

While metal cabinets are naturally more heat-resistant than wood or plastic, they cannot be considered fully fireproof unless specifically designed for that purpose.

The regular, off-the-shelf metal filing cabinets found in most offices are not built to be fire-resistant. They may have some fire-retardant properties due to the metal construction, but lack the specialized materials and manufacturing required for true fireproof performance.

Some key reasons why regular metal filing cabinets are not fireproof:

• They are made from standard cold-rolled steel rather than fire-retardant alloys.
• No insulation or double-walled construction.
• The drawers and doors have basic sealing and are not fire-rated.
• No standardized fire testing to verify ratings.

So while metal filing cabinets offer more fire protection than combustible materials, they do not provide the same level of security as a dedicated fireproof cabinet. The contents are still vulnerable to damage if exposed to high heat or open flames. Assuming all metal cabinets are fire-resistant can put important documents at risk.

How to Choose a Fireproof Filing Cabinet

Now that it’s clear not all metal filing cabinets are fireproof, here is what to look for when choosing fire-resistant models:

Verify Fire Ratings

Look for mention of 1-hour, 2-hour or other fire ratings that indicate the heat resistance. Search for filing cabinets labeled ‘fireproof’, ‘fire-resistant’ or ‘fire-rated’. The manufacturer should provide documentation to support the ratings.

Construction Material

Opt for steel with high melting points such as galvannealed or galvanized steel. Some companies use proprietary alloys and apply fire-retardant coatings. Also look for insulated walls and tight sealing.

Independent Testing

Credible fireproof cabinets are tested and verified by independent labs such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Look for UL ratings or other certifying agencies to ensure legitimate fire protection.

Locking Bars

Many fireproof drawers have built-in locks and steel cross bars for added protection during a fire. This prevents the drawers from falling open when the cabinet heats up.

Secure Anchoring

For maximum security, choose a fireproof cabinet with pre-drilled anchor holes. This allows securely fastening the cabinet to walls or floors to prevent tipping over in a fire.

By keeping these tips in mind, you can identify legitimate fireproof filing cabinets that will keep your vital documents protected in an emergency. Don’t assume metal cabinets are fire-resistant without verification.

Benefits of Fireproof Metal Filing Cabinets

Now that we’ve covered the key things to look for when selecting real fireproof metal filing cabinets, let’s examine the many benefits they offer:

1. Protection from Fire Damage

The number one benefit is protecting your vital paper records, documents and files from fire damage. Fire-resistant cabinets preserve documents in the event of flames or extreme heat. This gives peace of mind your critical information will survive.

2. Withstand High Temperatures

Quality fireproof metal cabinets are engineered to withstand temperatures up to 1700°F or higher before failing. This gives emergency responders valuable extra time to put out a fire before your records are compromised.

3. Prevent Paper Combustion

Unprotected paper combusts at 451°F. Fire-rated metal cabinets prevent papers inside from reaching combustion temperatures, keeping oxygen away from the documents. This minimizes fire spread.

4. Water Resistant

In addition to fire-resistance, fireproof cabinets also offer water protection. Firefighting activities often involve large amounts of water, so water-resistant cabinets prevent document damage.

5. Security Features

Fireproof metal filing cabinets provide robust security, with reinforced locking bars, thick steel construction and optional anchoring to floors or walls. This safeguards your data from unauthorized access.

6. Insurance Discounts

Using fire-resistant metal filing cabinets may qualify your business for lower insurance premiums. Insurers recognize the reduced fire risk, and may provide discounted rates.

Clearly, reliable fireproof metal storage delivers savings and security for your business records and peace of mind. The investment is well worth it compared to having to recreate lost documents or rebuild a business after fire damage.

Standards for Fireproof File Cabinets

There are established standards and testing protocols manufacturers must meet to demonstrate genuine fireproof performance. Here are the key certifications and requirements:

• UL 72 Class 350 – This is a widely recognized standard for fire-resistant storage from Underwriters Laboratories. Class 350 indicates contents inside will survive exposure to 1850°F fires lasting 1 hour without exceeding 350°F.
• NFPA 232 – This National Fire Protection Association standard sets testing protocols and ratings for records storage equipment. Most major manufacturers design cabinets to meet NFPA 232.
• ASTM E119 – The American Society for Testing and Materials standard determines fire endurance ratings based on time to failure when exposed to heat. Filed cabinets are tested according to this methodology.
• FM Global Approved – This organization offers FM Approvals testing for storage equipment. Products that pass earn the FM Global Approved Mark, certifying fire and security performance.

Compliance with these standards validates the actual fireproofing ability and provides confidence the ratings are meaningful. Look for mention of these certifications when selecting fire-resistant metal filing cabinets.

Features of Fireproof Filing Cabinets

Fireproof metal filing cabinets incorporate a range of protective features and technologies to deliver robust fire protection:

• Multi-layer fire-resistant steel walls, doors, and drawers.
• Reinforced bodies with welds and joints designed to withstand fire.
• Insulation materials like fiberglass, calcium silicate, or gypsum board.
• Integrated fire seals and gaskets prevent oxygen flow during a fire.
• Thermal breaks that limit heat conduction.
• Cooling air channels and vents allow steam to escape.
• Built-in locks keep drawers securely closed, even when heated.
• Pre-drilled mounting holes and floor tracks for securing the cabinet.
• High-security locks to prevent unauthorized access.
• Water-resistant seals stop water damage after fire is extinguished.
• Durable finishes and paints prevent rust, corrosion and abrasion.

When shopping for fireproof metal filing cabinets, look for multiple protective features to ensure robust and redundant protection. The best fire-resistant cabinets incorporate layers of protection to keep your documents ultra-secure.

Types of Fireproof Metal Filing Cabinets

There are a few main types of fire-resistant metal filing cabinets to consider for your specific storage needs:

Lateral File Cabinets

The traditional lateral design with drawers that slide side-to-side. Available in 2, 3, or 4-drawer models. Can be used alone or with counter cabinets.

Vertical File Cabinets

Taller cabinets with drawers stacked vertically. Available as 2, 3, 4 or 5-drawer cabinets. Require less floor space than lateral files.

Combo File Cabinets

Offer both lateral and vertical storage together. Typically have 2 or 3 lateral drawers on bottom and 2-3 vertical drawers. Save space in small offices.

Roll Cabinets

Feature mobile fireproof storage on casters. 1-2 drawers provide secure portable filing. Can be rolled under counters and desks.

Media/Data Cabinets

Designed for storage of digital media like CDs, DVDs, hard drives and tapes. Feature anti-static, water-resistant protection.

Evaluate your filing and space requirements to select the ideal fire-resistant metal cabinet design for your needs. Many offer flexible configurations.

Fireproof File Cabinet Costs

Fireproof metal filing cabinets represent an important investment to protect your business records from fire. Here are some average price ranges:

• Standard fireproof cabinets – $500 – $1500+
• High security/data protection – $1500 – $2500
• Custom built – $3000+

Factors impacting costs include:

• Size – the number and dimensions of drawers.
• Construction – thickness of steel, insulation type.
• Certifications – UL, FM, NFPA ratings add expense.
• Lock types – standard, combination, biometric locks.
• Customization – unique sizes, finishes, or accessories.
• High-end data/media protection.

While fireproof metal filing cabinets are more expensive than regular steel cabinets, prices are quite reasonable given the protection provided for your vital business records and peace of mind.

Maintaining Fireproof Filing Cabinets

To keep your fireproof metal filing cabinets providing maximum protection, some simple maintenance goes a long way:

• Keep seals clean – Dust buildup on fire-resistant seals prevents proper closure, exposing contents to fire.
• Lubricate slides – Keep slides lubricated so drawers open and close smoothly in an emergency.
• Verify tight fit – Over time, cabinets may shift. Ensure doors and drawers close tightly without gaps.
• Check for damage – Inspect for dents, paint chipping or other damage which could compromise fire protection.
• Have certified inspection – Some manufacturers recommend annual certified inspections to verify fire protection capability.
• Keep free of clutter – Avoid piling combustible materials on top or around the cabinet.
• Secure to floor – Bolt cabinets to the floor to prevent tipping over in a fire.

Following the manufacturer’s maintenance recommendations will keep your fireproof filing cabinets protecting your vital records for years to come.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are all metal filing cabinets fireproof?

No, regular metal filing cabinets do not offer true fireproofing. Only cabinets specifically engineered and tested for fire-resistance, indicated by 1-hour, 2-hour ratings, can be considered fireproof.

How long can a fireproof cabinet withstand fire?

It depends on the rating, but commonly 1 hour, 2 hours, or 4 hours. This indicates how long until failure when exposed to extreme heat in standardized testing. Some provide protection up to 1700°F or higher.

Should I get fire-resistant cabinets for my home office?

Having fire-resistant storage at home is wise if you keep important records there. Options like fireproof safes are available in smaller sizes for home use. An added benefit is protection from burglary.

Do I still need to back up data stored in fireproof cabinets?

Yes, it’s still smart to digitally back up critical data or records kept in fireproof cabinets. While they provide excellent protection, backups give redundancy in case the unforeseen occurs.

What should you not store in a fireproof cabinet?

Avoid combustible materials like paper files or linens. Magnets can also compromise protection. Some manufacturers warn against paperclips or stapled documents as well. Check guidelines for the specific cabinet.

Conclusion

In summary, while metal filing cabinets have innate fire resistance, only those specifically engineered to be fireproof offer full protection for documents. When purchasing metal filing cabinets for business records, look for legit certifications and ratings, quality construction with insulated layers, and reinforced fire-resistant seals. Investing in robust fireproof cabinets saves on insurance costs, prevents business disruption from document loss, and provides security and peace of mind. With proper selection and maintenance, fireproof metal filing cabinets will withstand extreme heat and secure your vital information.